冠词用法
冠词是用在名词之前起修饰限定作用的词。它本身没有任何意义,不能独立存在。冠词主要可以分为定冠词(the)和不定冠词两类。
1. 定冠词
1)表示特指,用在某个特定的人、事物等前。特别是当某名词后面有定语限定这一名词时,名词前面一般都要用定冠词the 。例如:
We have found the book that we lost yesterday. 我们已经找到了昨天丢的那本书。
Mother is cooking in the kitchen. (the kitchen of the house) 妈妈在厨房里做菜。
2)表示独指,用在世上独一无二的东西前。例如:
The sky is very beautiful.
3) 表示复指,用在第二次提到的人或物前。例如:
I bought a book yesterday. The book is very interesting.
4) 表示类指。指一类人或事物。
A 用于单数名词前,如:
The lion is a wild animal. 狮子是野生动物。
B 用于形容词前, 如
the young the poor the injured the living
5) 用于复数名词前,指整个群体:
They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)
They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师)
They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)
6) 用在形容词和副词的最高级或序数词前; only, main, sole, same 等词修饰名词时也要用定冠词。如:
That’s the only man I know.
She was the first person I met today.
7) 用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级、等专有名词前:
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国,the United States 美国
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国,the United States 美国
8) 用在表示乐器的名词之前。如:
She plays the piano. 她会弹钢琴
9)用在姓氏的复数名词之前,表示一家人:
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇)
10) 用在江河湖海、海峡海湾、沙漠、山脉、群岛、一些国名、一些机构、报纸、杂志、书籍、会议、条约、信仰前。例如:
the Atlantic,the Yellow River,the Alps,the U.S.A.,the Treaty of Nanjin
the English Channel,the Persian Gulf,the Philippines,the Sahara Desert
the United Nations,the New York Times
11) 用在习惯用语中:
in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening),
in the day, in the morning (afternoon,evening),
the day after tomorrow
the day before yesterday, the next morning,
in the sky (water,field,country)
in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,
in the middle (of), in the end,
on the whole, by the way,
the day before yesterday, the next morning,
in the sky (water,field,country)
in the dark, in the rain, in the distance,
in the middle (of), in the end,
on the whole, by the way,
go to the theatre, go to the doctor's,to go to the cinema
to break the ice, to tell the truth
2. 不定冠词
不定冠词a(an)与数词one 同源,是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前,一般读作[e],而an则用于元音音素前,一般读做[en]。
1) 表示“一”这个数量。例如:
We can not finish the work in a day.
2) 用在单数可数名词前,泛指一类人或物。如: