四．代词
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词和不定代词九种。
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单数 |
复数 | |||||
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第一人称 |
第二人称 |
第三人称 |
第一人称 |
第二人称 |
第三人称 | |
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人称代词 |
主格 |
I |
you |
he ,she, it |
we |
you |
they |
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宾格 |
me |
you |
we, you ,they |
us |
you |
them | |
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物主代词 |
形容词性 |
my |
your |
his, her, its |
our |
your |
their |
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名词性 |
mine |
yours |
his, hers, its |
ours |
yours |
their | |
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反身代词 |
myself |
yourself |
himself
herself
itself |
ourselves |
yourselves |
themselves | |
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指示代词 |
this, that |
these, those | |||||
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such, same | |||||||
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相互代词 |
each other |
one another | |||||
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疑问代词 |
who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever | ||||||
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连接代词 |
who, whom, whose, what, which | ||||||
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关系代词 |
who, whom, whose, what, which, that, as | ||||||
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不定代词 |
all, another, any(-thing, -body, -one), both , either, each., every(-thing, -body, -one), few, little, many, much, neither, no(-thing, -body, -one), none, one, other, some( -thing, -body, -one), | ||||||
（一） 人称代词
1．人称代词的顺序：
1）单数的时候：第二人称＋第三人称＋第一人称
例：Mr. Green will give you, him and me something to eat
2）复数的时候：第一人称＋第二人称＋第三人称
例：We, you and they can go to the museum on the same bus.
2．注意习惯用法
--- Who break the window?
--- I. (误)
--- Me. (正)
--- I did. (正)
3．it的用法
1）it 可指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。例：
Look at the baby. It’s really cute!
--- Who is that?
--- It’s my mother.
Who is speaking, please? (电话用语)
It’s Mr. Crisp.
2) it 可指代天气、时间、距离、自然现象、环境等。例：
It’s 9 o’clock.
It’s raining outside.
It’s 20 miles from my home to the school.
3) it 作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词、主语从句、或that引导的宾语从句。例：
It is said that he was a detective when he was young.
