THE PAST PERFECT:‘JUST ’&‘ALREADY’ 过去完成时:just already
我们使用过去完成时来表示比过去的某个时间点更早发生了的事情,因此,人们经常在过去完成时的句子里just和already这样的音讯。这两个词都是用来表示在以前所发生的某件事情的。我们来仔细地看一下下面的对话:
Woman Why did you go to the office yesterday? 你昨天为什么去办公室?
Man I went to the office to finish the report,but jane had already done it.我去办公室完成报告,但是简已经做完了。
Won Was Jane still there? 简还在那儿吗?
Man No, when I arrived, she had just left.没有,我到的时候, 她刚刚离开。
如果我们用现在完成时而不是过去完成时来表达,对话就会变成下面的形式。这一点请大腕要注意。
Woman Hello,Tony What爱热有doinghere/ 你好,托尼。你在这儿做什么呢?
Man I’m here to finish the report, but Jane has already done it. 我来这是为了完成报告,但是简已经做好了。
Womqan Is Jane still here? 简还在这儿吗?
Nman No, she has just left.不在,她刚刚离开。
THE PAST PERFECT:'I 'D HOPED','I'D INTENDED' 过去完成时:I’d hoped和intended
作为过去完成时的一般用法,我们用动词hope或intend来表示没有实现的希望和意愿。我们来看下面的对话:
Man Is Sally in ,please?
Woman I’m afraid she’s gone back to the USA.
Man Oh, dear. I’d intended to see her last week, but in the end I was too busy.
Woman Is it important?
Man Not really. I’d hoped to ask her advice about something.
Woman Can I help?
Man Well, maybe. You see I met a woman at a party…
过去完成时的另外两种用法是本单元还没有介绍到的。一种是像下面的例句这样表示假设:
If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam.
如果您再努力些,你就会通过考试。
还有一种像下面例句这样在间接引语的句子中:
He said that he had done it.他说他已经做完了。
关于过去完成时的这两种用法,我们会在以后学习到。