16.hand
hand down 把…传下去( 有流传、继承之意)
hand in 上交
hand out = give away 分发
hand over 移交(给别人)
17. hold
hold back (1)阻碍(2) 抑制(情感、情绪)= hold in, keep back(3)退缩
hold up(1)举起(2)拦住,阻挡,使停滞
hold in 控制感情
hold on vi. 继续, 不挂断
hold out vi. 维持,支持
hold off (1) 保持距离;不接近 (2) 拖延;延期 = put off
hold on to 坚持
18. keep
keep from 抑制 (比较:keep sb/sth from doing 预防,防止)
keep on 继续不断
keep to 履行,遵守,坚持
keep up (1)保持, 维持(2)继续前进
keep up with 向…看齐,赶上,跟上
keep off 让开, 不接近
keep out 使在外
19. lay
lay aside (1)把…搁在一边(2)储蓄= put aside, set aside, put away
lay down 放下, 放弃
lay out 摆开, 展示, 设计
lay off 解雇, 停止工作, 休息
20.look
look after 照料
look back 回顾
look down on / upon sb. 看不起某人
look up (1)查阅(2)向上看
look for 寻找
look forward to doing sth 期待做某事
look in (on sb.) 顺便拜访某人
look into 调查
look out 当心,提防
look over 检查
look through (逐项)仔细检查(重在核对审查)
21.make
make up (1)补足,(2)弥补,(3)化妆,(4)编造(5)组成
be made up of = be composed of, consist of由…构成,组成
make out (1) 草拟(2) 辨认出 (3) 做,了解
be made into 被制成
make for(1)走向,驶向(2)有助于,有利于
make up for 弥补,补偿
22.pull
pull down (1) 拉下,降低(2)推翻,拆毁
pull in (车)进站,(船) 靠岸
pull out
pull off (1)(随意地)脱 (衣、帽等)≈ take off (2) 赢得
pull on (随意地)穿, 戴 ≈ put on
pull up 减速并停下