3) 用于某些数目的表示法中例:a dozen一打,a couple一对,twice a month一月两次
4) 用在某些疾病名称前。例:
catch a cold 感冒, have a fever 发烧, have a headache 头疼
5) 泛指职业。例如:
He is a teacher.
6) 用在习惯用法中:
as a result所以,as a matter of fact事实上,as a rule通常,at a loss不知所措,茫然,in a hurry匆忙,in a word 总之,have a rest 休息一会儿, all of a sudden 突然
1. 不用冠词的情况:
1) 表示假日、季节、月份、星期的名词,如果没有限制性定语,或者不表示某一特定时间,前面不用冠词。例如:
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
Our summer vacation is from July to August.
Are you going home for New Year’s Day?
2) 球类、棋牌、游戏前不用冠词。例如:
I like to play basket ball, but I don’t like to play bridge.
3) 一日三餐前不用冠词。例如:
Dinner is ready.
What do you have for breakfast?
4) 表示颜色、语言、国家的名词前不用冠词。如:
Sandy can’t speak Japanese, but he can speak Chinese.
5) by 直接加交通工具名词,不用冠词。
Are you going to by train or by plane?
6) 大学名称前不用冠词(大学名称前有of 短语时除外)
Zhejiang Vocational College of Commerce
7)名词作表语或同位语等表示领导职位时,前面常不加冠词。
This is Mr. Smith, director of the history department.
They appointed him minister to a foreign country.
8) 习惯用法
at noon ( night, dawn, midnight ) 中午(夜晚,黎明,午夜),go to school上学,
leave school 毕业,to play volleyball 打排球,in town 在城里,in bed 躺在床上,
in hospital住院, catch fire 着火, lose heart失去信心, take place 发生, at home在家, in fact 事实上, by chance偶然, by heart通过记忆, in time 及时, out of date 过时, take part in参加 , have supper 吃晚饭
leave school 毕业,to play volleyball 打排球,in town 在城里,in bed 躺在床上,
in hospital住院, catch fire 着火, lose heart失去信心, take place 发生, at home在家, in fact 事实上, by chance偶然, by heart通过记忆, in time 及时, out of date 过时, take part in参加 , have supper 吃晚饭
注意:表示新闻标题、提纲、广告、公告、电报、信函、书名等前不用冠词。
4.冠词的位置
1) 不定冠词位置
不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。注意:
a. 位于such,what,many,half等形容词之后。例如:
I have never seen such an animal. 我从来没见过这样的动物。
Many a man is fit for the job. 许多人适合这岗位。
b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, however, enough修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后。例如:
It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. 我从未这么高兴过。
So short a time 如此短的时间
Too long a distance 距离太远了
c. quite,rather与单数名词连用,冠词放在其后。但当rather,quite 前仍有形容词,不定冠词放其前后均可,如:
rather a cold day/a rather cold day。
d. 在as,though 引导的让步状语从句中,当表语为形容词修饰的名词时,不定冠词放形容词后。例如:
Brave a man as he is,he trembles at the sight of snakes.
他尽管勇敢,可见到蛇还是发抖。
2) 定冠词位置
定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前,但放在all, both,double,half,twice,three times等词之后,名词之前。例如:
All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有学生都出去了。