USE OF THE PASSIVE  被动语态的用法

被动语态关心的是动作本身，而不是动作的执行者。看一下下面的例子：

Rice is grown n China.水稻生长在中国。

The notice is written in Spannish.通知是用西班牙文写的。

Bacon is usually fried, not biled.熏猪肉常常是用来炸的，而不是煮的。

被动语态也常表示实验过程或制造过程等：

Water is added, and the mixture is heated. 水已经加好了，混合物正在被加热。

The liquid is stored in barrels for two years.这种液体已经在桶里存放了两年了。

比起下面这些主动语态，被动语态在叙述这种一般事实时更能给人一种精炼的印象：

People grow rice in China.

Someone wrote the notice in Spanish.

You usually fry bacon, not boil it.

这些句子与被动句比起来，会给人一种生硬的感觉。

 

HOW TO FORM THE PASSIVE  被动语态的构成

被动语态的形式是be 动词后面加动词的过去分词。下面的例句是be 的现在形式+动词的过去分词：

I am called george, he is called Simon, and they are called Tim and Roger.

还有下面三种被动语态的形式：

●过去时的被动语态：was/were=fcynr fpfcwv ygnk

  My brother was born in the USA.我哥哥出生在美国。

We were brought up in Australia.我们在澳大利亚长大。

●现在完成时的被动语态：has been /have been+动词的过去分词

　The film has already been seen by ten million people.已经有一千万人看过这部电影了。

　The shoes have not been worm.鞋还没有穿坏。

●将来时的被动语态：will be +动词的过去分词

　三位评委将会读完所有的诗。

  The winner will be chosen tomorrow.明天将选出谁是优胜者。

 

OTHER TENSES  其他时态

至今为止我们学过九种时态。除了现在时、现在完成过去时、将来时之外，还学过以下五种时态。

条件时态　　　　　　It would work

过去完成时　　　　　She had left.

现在进行时          We are waiting.

过去进行时          They were listening.

现在完成进行时      I have been reading.

这些时态都有各自的被动语态。

 

Sthe conditional passive  条件时态的被动语态

条件时态的被动语态的形式是would be +动词的过去分词。

和条件时态的主动语态一样，条件时态的被动语态常表示推测。

让我们来看一则学校举行烤肉活动的会话：

Man     Every year, we have a college party on the longest day. We have a barbecue, and a band plays under the trees.

Woman  What would happen if it rained? Would the party be ruined?

Man     No, the party wouldn’t be ruined. It would be held indoors.

Woman  What about the barbecue?

Man     The food would be cooked in the kitchen.